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China Cultural Heritage 2011-06

From:Chinese Archaeology NetWriter:Date:2012-08-02

IN  FOCUS


Ancient Water Projects-- the Driving Force of Social and Economic Civilization
Domestic Canal Heritages and the Relating Problems in Conservation............................................................................................Mao Feng, 12
    The construction of canals started very early in human's history for the purpose of overcoming the limitions of the natural rivers and better utilizing the water resources or preventing the flood. The conservation of the canal heritages is attached with vital importance due to the canals being the mirror of human's and nation's historical progress in various aspects, such as politics, economy, military, agriculture and water projects. However, there are great challenges in every part of the conservation: the investigation, assessment, arrangement, management, and monitoring etc, for the complexity of changing time and space, to the immensity of canals in multi-river systems even multi- watershed and to the dynamic and current-utilizing characteristics. As one of the earliest in digging and exploiting the canals, China ranks the top not only in the number and length of the rivers, but also in the amount and toughness of the problems in canal conservation. Taking the will-be applicant of the World Heritagetthe Great Canal, as an example, this text will elaborate the new historic opportunities and challenges in the background of rapid domestic urbanization, in the hope that it should be helpful in resloving the practical problems in the conservation of the canal heritages.


The Investigation into the Status Quo of Ancient Water Projects and Their Heritages..................................................Deng Jun, Wang Yinghua 21
    Having been intersecting with social and economic development in China, the construction and utilization of water projects have played a key role in the two aspects. As arising of modern water projects of large scale and the rapid advancement in economy and society in recent decades, numerous of ancient water projects have been damaged, abandoned, or replaced by the new ones. In the year of 2009. the Ministry of Water Resources conducted the investigation into the functioning acient water projects and their heritages, according to which, less than 30% of the projects managed to maintain their original condition. Therefore, it is imperative to intensify the relating protection and rationalize the exploitation.


The Pivotal Project of Nanwang Canal-- the Highest Achievement of Technology In the Water Projects six centuries Ago.................Tong Peihua, Wu Shuangcheng, Wang Zhanqin and Li Shunhua 29


Hongze Lake District-- A Perfect Demonstration of the Technology In Ancient Water Projects......................................WangYinghua, Tan Xuming 37


Dujiang Wairs-- The Heritage of a Water Project Nurturing People for a Thousand Years............................Huang Xiaofeng, Cong Xiacxue and Wei Min 42


The Conservation of the Ancient Rural Water Project In Baotun-An Outstanding Example of the Agricultural Landscape Conservation............................................Tan Xuming, Li Yunpeng 50
    As a demonstration project in the Compass Program launched by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research conducted appropriate conservation and restoration for the watermill under the admission and support of the local villagers. In the year of 2011,Haojiatun Watermill was conferred to the "Award of Excellence " by UNESCO Asia-Pacific Heritage Commission in Bangkok. The committees commented the restoration of  Baojiatun Watermill established an remarkable model of agriculture landscape conservation in China. By the integration of the sustainable exploitation of  tranditional agricultural facilities and local culture activities, it demonstrated the importance of preserving the rapidly disappearing cultural landscapes in Asia under the pressure of modernization and the relating patterns and method might be helpful for the current conservation of acient water projects.


The Application of Spatial Information Technology In Preserving the Grand Canals..................................Mao Feng, Wu Yongxing and Tang Jianbo 55


CONCERN
Eco-Museums-- Reviving the Cultural Value Neglected by the Villagers
    As a new form of museum appeared in 1971, the eco-museum is completely different from the traditional ones in its basis of the self-consciousness of the local, in its better realization of the intergration of conservation and development, in its coordination among the conservation, demostration and publicization of historic relics of traditional museums, and the inheritation of the intangible culture, and the current development of the communities. Thus, the eco-museums is critically characterized as wholly, locally, flexibly conservation for natural environment, humanity environment, tangible heritage and intangible heritage and for the inhabitants themselves. For now, there are over 300 eco-museums all over the world and they are becoming increasingly popular in African countries, such as South Africa, Mali, and Nigeria, and Asian countries, especially in China, Japan and Vietnam. Meanwhile, the international discussion on the philosophy and realization of eco-museums has never stopped, but it is indisputable that eco-museums has become critically phenomenal.


An Open type of Cummunify-oriented Museum-- the 40 Years' Exploration In the International Eco-Museum.............................An Laishun 60


TEco-Museums In China............................................................................................Pan Yongsheng 66


The Identity of the Eco-Museums.............................................................................Qin Chen 71


The Present and Future-- the Eco-Museums of Zhuang Ethnic In Longji...................................................................Pan shouyong, Qin Chen 74


MUNUMENTS AND SITES
The Buddha Sculpture of Darning Tower in Ning City..............................................................................Chen Shushi,Tong Qiang 78


ARCHAEOLOGY
Tombs of Han Dynasty in Fengxiyuan-- The Family Tomb of a General in the West Han Dynasty..................Zhang Zhongli, Ding Yan and Zhu Yanting 82


MUSEUM
Tour of the Serial Exhibitions for the 60-year Anniversary of China's Three Gorges Museum in Chongqing..............................................Zhang Li,Hu Changjian and PengXuebin 92


OVERSEAS  IMPRESSION
The de Compostela Road for Pilgrilmage in Santiago, Spain- the Exhibition of Christian Spiritual Heritage..........................................Chen Yi 102